| Nobel Prize - Neuroscience |
| Year of Award | Name(s) | Birth and Death Dates | Nationality/Citizenship | Field of Study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1906 | Golgi, Camillo | 7/7/1843 to 1/21/1926 | Italian | Structure of the Nervous System |
| Ramon y Cajal, Santiago | 5/1/1852 to 10/18/1934 | Spanish | Structure of the Nervous System | |
| 1911 | Gullstrand, Allvar | 6/5/1862 to 7/28/1930 | Swedish | Optics of the Eye |
| 1914 | Barany, Robert | 5/22/1876 to 4/8/1936 | Austrian | Physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus |
| 1927 | Wagner-Jauregg, Julius | 3/7/1857 to 9/27/1940 | Austrian | Discovery of Malaria inoculation to treat dementia paralytica |
| 1932 | Adrian, Edgar Douglas | 11/30/1889 to 8/4/1977 | British | Function of neurons in sending messages |
| Sherrington, Sir Charles Scott | 11/27/1857 to 3/4/1952 | British | Function of neurons in the brain and spinal cord | |
| 1936 | Dale, Sir Henry Hallett | 6/9/1875 to 7/23/1968 | British | Chemical transmission of nerve impulses |
| Loewi, Otto | 6/3/1875 to 12/25/1961 | German, American Citizen | Chemical transmission of nerve impulses | |
| 1944 | Erlanger, Joseph | 1/5/1874 to 12/15/1965 | American | Differentiated functions of single nerve fibers |
| Gasser, Herbert Spencer | 7/5/1888 to 5/11/1963 | American | Differentiated functions of single nerve fibers | |
| 1949 | Egas Moniz, Antonio Caetano Abreu Freire | 11/29/1874 to 12/13/1955 | Portuguese | Leucotomy for certain psychoses |
| Hess, Walter Rudolph | 3/17/1881 to 8/12/1973 | Swiss | The "interbrain" (hypothalamus) used to control activity of internal organs | |
| 1957 | Bovet, Daniel | 3/23/1907 to 4/9/1992 | Italian | Work on synthetic substances that inhibit action of body substances. |
| 1961 | Von Bekesy, Georg | 6/3/1899 to 6/13/1972 | Hungarian, American Citizen | Function of the cochlea |
| 1963 | Eccles, Sir John Carew | 1/27/1903 to 5/2/1997 | Australian | Ionic mechanisms of nerve cell membrane |
| Hodgkin, Sir Alan Lloyd | 2/5/1914 to 12/20/1998 | British | Ionic mechanisms of nerve cell membrane | |
| Huxley, Sir Andrew Fielding | 12/22/1917 to | British | Ionic mechanisms of nerve cell membrane | |
| 1967 | Granit, Ragnar Arthur | 10/30/1900 to 3/12/1991 | Finnish, Swedish citizen | Mechanisms of Vision - Wavelength discrimination of the eye |
| Hartline, Halden Keffer | 12/22/1903 to 3/17/1983 | American | Mechanisms of Vision | |
| Wald, George | 11/18/1906 to 04/12/1997 | American | Mechanisms of Vision - chemical processes | |
| 1970 | Axelrod, Julius | 5/30/1912 to 12/29/2004 | American | Humoral transmitters in sympathetic nerves |
| Katz, Sir Bernard | 3/26/1911 to 4/20/2003 | German, British Citizen | Release of neurotransmitters from nerve terminals | |
| von Euler, Ulf Svante | 2/7/1905 to 3/10/1983 | Swedish | Humoral transmitters in sympathetic nerves | |
| 1973 | Lorenz, Konrad Zacharias | 11/7/1903 to 2/27/1989 | Austrian | Ethology |
| Tinbergen, Nikolaas | 4/15/1907 to 12/21/1988 | Dutch | Ethology | |
| von Frisch, Karl | 11/20/1886 to 6/12/1982 | Austrian | Ethology | |
| 1976 | Blumberg, Baruch S. | 7/28/1925 to | American | Mechanisms for origin and dissemination of infection disease |
| Gajdusek, Daniel Carleton | 9/9/1923 to | American | Mechanisms for origin and dissemination of infection disease | |
| 1977 | Guillemin, Roger | 1/11/1924 to | French, American Citizen | Production of peptides in the brain |
| Schally, Andrew Victor | 11/30/1926 to | Polish, Canadian/American Citizen | Production of peptides in the brain | |
| 1979 | Cormack, Allan MacLeod | 2/23/1924 to 5/7/1998 | South African, American Citizen | Invention of computer-assisted tomography |
| Hounsfield, Sir Godfrey Newbold | 8/28/1919 to 8/12/2004 | British | Invention of computer-assisted tomography | |
| 1981 | Hubel, David Hunter | 2/27/1926 to | Canadian, American Citizen | Information processing in the visual system |
| Sperry, Roger Wolcott | 8/20/1913 to 4/17/1994 | American | Functions of the right and left hemispheres of the brain | |
| Wiesel, Torsten N. | 6/3/1924 to | Swedish, American Citizen | Information processing in the visual system | |
| 1982 | Samuelsson, Bengt Ingemar | 5/21/1934 to | Swedish | Discovery of prostaglandins |
| Vane, John Robert | 3/29/1927 to 11/19/2004 | British | Discovery of prostaglandins | |
| Bergstrom, Sune K. | 1/10/1916 to 8/15/2004 | Swedish | Discovery of prostaglandins | |
| 1986 | Cohen, Stanley | 12/17/1922 to | American | Control of nerve cell growth |
| Levi-Montalcini, Rita | 4/22/1909 to | Italian, American Citizen | Control of nerve cell growth | |
| 1991 | Neher, Erwin | 3/20/1944 to | German | Function of single ion channels in cells |
| Sakmann, Bert | 6/12/1942 to | German | Function of single ion channels in cells | |
| 1994 | Gilman, Alfred G. | 7/1/1941 to | American | Discovery of G-protein coupled receptors and their role in signal transduction |
| Rodbell, Martin | 12/1/1925 to 12/7/1998 | American | Discovery of G-protein coupled receptors and their role in signal transduction | |
| 1997 | Prusiner, Stanley B. | 5/28/1942 to | American | Discovery of prions; a new biological principle of infection |
| 2000 | Carlsson, Arvid | 1/25/1923 to | Swedish | Signal transduction in the nervous system/dopamine |
| Greengard, Paul | 12/11/1925 to | American | Signal transduction in the nervous system | |
| Kandel, Eric R. | 11/7/1929 to | American | Signal transduction in the nervous system/learning | |
| 2003 | Lauterbur, Paul C. | 5/6/1929 to | American | Discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging |
| Mansfield, Sir Peter | 10/9/1933 to | British | Discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging | |
| 2003 | MacKinnon, Roderick | 2/16/1956 to | American | Structural and mechanistic studies of ion channels |
| 2004 | Buck, Linda B. | 1/29/1947 to | American | Discovery of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system |
| Axel, Richard | 7/2/1946 to | American | Discovery of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system |